Fluoxetine- Desipramine- and the Dual Antidepressant Milnacipran Reduce Alcohol Self-Administration and and or Relapse in Dependent Rats-

Authors
E. Simon o'brien, R. Legastelois, H. Houchi, C. Vilpoux, S. Alaux-Cantin et al.

Lab
Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Faculté de Pharmacie, Groupe de Recherche sur l’Alcool et les Pharmacodépendances , Amiens, France

Journal
Neuropsychopharmacology

Abstract
A few clinical studies have shown that dual antidepressants (serotonergic (5-HT) and noradrenergic (NE) transporter inhibitors, SNRIs) may be effective in alcoholism treatment. We studied the effect of the dual antidepressant milnacipran on ethanol operant self-administration in acutely withdrawn ethanol-dependent and in -non-dependent Wistar rats, and used fluoxetine and desipramine to dissect both 5-HT and NE components, respectively, in the effect of milnacipran. Milnacipran was also tested for relapse after protracted abstinence and on ethanol-induced (1.0_g/kg) conditioned place preference in control rats and ethanol-induced locomotor sensitization in DBA/2J female mice. Milnacipran dose dependently (5-40_mg/kg) attenuated the increased ethanol self-administration observed during early withdrawal and was more potent in preventing reinstatement in dependent rats after protracted abstinence as compared with non-dependent rats. Desipramine and fluoxetine (10_mg/kg) blocked ethanol self-administration during early withdrawal, and recovery was delayed in dependent animals, indicating a potent effect. Ethanol self-administration was also reduced 1 day after treatment with desipramine and fluoxetine but not with milnacipran. Finally, milnacipran prevented ethanol-induced place preference in ethanol-naive rats and reduced the magnitude of ethanol-induced sensitization associated with a delayed induction in mice. Desipramine (20_mg/kg) countered sensitization development and reduced its expression at 1 week after treatment; fluoxetine (10_mg/kg) reduced sensitization expression. Thus, 5-HT and NE transmissions during sensitization expression may mediate the effect of milnacipran on sensitization induction. These results support that SNRIs may have a potential use in alcoholism treatment.

BIOSEB Instruments Used:
Infrared Actimeter (LE8815)