Activity, Motor Control & Coordination
Pain - Thermal Allodynia / Hyperalgesia
Pain - Spontaneous Pain - Postural Deficit
Pain - Mechanical Allodynia / Hyperalgesia
Anxiety & Depression Disorder
Learning/Memory - Attention - Addiction
Physiology & Respiratory Research
Metabolism - Food & Drink Intake
Pain
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Neurodegeneration
Sensory system
Motor control
Mood Disorders
Other disorders
Muscular system
Joints
Metabolism
Cross-disciplinary subjects
Preclinical studies and opioids: role in crisis management in the United States Authors
BR Choi, SJ Kang, JL Kim, YJ Lee, SK Ku
Lab
Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Republic of Korea.
Journal
Natural Product Communications
Abstract
We examined the antiosteoarthritis effect of a mixture of powdered pomegranate concentrate, eucommiae cortex, and achyranthis radix (5:4:1 w/w) (PEA-Mix). After the injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA), PEA-Mixs were orally administered. To assess pain-related behaviors, a von Frey filament test and open field test were performed. We also examined the knee thickness, maximum knee extension angle, bone mineral density (BMD), and compressive strength of the knee joint and performed a histopathologic analysis. The number of COX-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and 5-bromo-2_-deoxyuridine immunoreactive cells, the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and 5-lipoxygenase (LPO) levels, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, and mRNA levels of chondrogenesis-related genes were analyzed. PEA-Mix significantly inhibited the MIA-induced decrease in the paw-withdrawal threshold and total distance moved, and the MIA-induced increases in the maximum knee extension angle and knee thickness. Also, the MIA-induced loss of the knee joint articular surface region and decrease in the BMD were significantly suppressed by PEA-Mix. The MIA-induced increases in the 5-LPO, PGE2, MMP-2, MMP-9, COX-2, and TNF-_ mRNA levels were reduced by PEA-Mix. PEA-Mix increased the MIA-mediated reduction in the SOX-9 and aggrecan mRNA levels. The number of PARP-positive cells was smaller in PEA-Mix-administered rats than in MIA-administered rats, while the number of 5-bromo-2_-deoxyuridine-positive cells was larger. Therefore, PEA-Mix relieved the MIA-induced pain-related behaviors, chondrocyte proliferation, and anti-inflammatory activity.
BIOSEB Instruments Used:
Von Frey Filaments (Bio-VF-M)
