Motor control Scientific Publications

Latest publication 12/21/2020

Adipose tissue is a critical regulator of osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA), the leading cause of pain and disability worldwide, disproportionally affects individuals with obesity. The mechanisms by...

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    [title] => Adipose tissue is a critical regulator of osteoarthritis
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Authors
osteoarthritis
Kelsey H. Collins, Kristin L. Lenz, Eleanor N. Pollitt, Daniel Ferguson, Irina Hutson, Luke E. Springer, Arin K. Oestreich, Ruhang Yun-Rak Choi, Gretchen A. Meyer, Steven L. Teitelbaum, Christine T. N. Pham, Charles A. Harris, and Farshid Guilak

Lab
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, USA
Journal
PNAS
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), the leading cause of pain and disability worldwide, disproportionally affects individuals with obesity. The mechanisms by which obesity leads to the onset and progression of OA are unclear due to the complex interactions among the metabolic, biomechanical, and inflammatory factors that accompany increased adiposity. We used a murine preclinical model of lipodystrophy (LD) to examine the direct contribution of adipose tissue to OA. Knee joints of LD mice were protected from spontaneous or posttraumatic OA, on either a chow or high-fat diet, despite similar body weight and the presence of systemic inflammation. These findings indicate that adipose tissue itself plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of OA. Susceptibility to posttraumatic OA was reintroduced into LD mice using implantation of a small adipose tissue depot derived from wild-type animals or mouse embryonic fibroblasts that undergo spontaneous adipogenesis, implicating paracrine signaling from fat, rather than body weight, as a mediator of joint degeneration.
Keywords/Topics
osteoarthritis, metabolic, biomechanical, inflammatory, adiposity, cartilage
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Dedicated to small animals, like mice and rats, Smalgo is a pressure-based analgesimeter designed for easy assessment of sensitivity threshold. It is a must for osteo-arthritis and pain studies. A quick, easy-to-use and reliable instrument to assess threshold sensitivity of the animal when applying a progressive force, which can also be used for drug screening, phenotyping, as well as on studies about neuropathy, inflammation and post-operative pain. Now wireless, to be free from annoying cables!

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