Douleurs abdominales, ovaro-pelviennes et liées à l'endométriose - page 1 - Publications Scientifiques

Dernière publication 01/01/2024

Effects of vincristine and monosodium glutamate on gastrointestinal motility and

In contrast with our previous results,4vincristine apparently increased colorectum motility in both X-ray sessions. To clarify this result, we...

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    [title] => Effects of vincristine and monosodium glutamate on gastrointestinal motility and
    [paragraph] => Effects of vincristine and monosodium glutamate on gastrointestinal motility and visceral sensitivity
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Authors
Yolanda Lpez-Tofio, Francisca de Sosa, Gema Vera, Laura Lpez-Gmez, Esperanza Herradn, Visitacin Lpez-Miranda, Kulmira Nurgali, Jos A. Uranga, Raquel Abalo

 Lab

Journal
Neurogastroenterology & Motility
Abstract
In contrast with our previous results,4vincristine apparently increased colorectum motility in both X-ray sessions. To clarify this result, we evaluated the number, size, and density of the fecal pellets within the colon. On the first day of treatment, vincristine increased the number of fecal pellets. Although these pellets reached the same density, their maximum size was significantly smaller than in the control group. After the last administration of the drug, vincristine increased the number of fecal pellets too, but the pellets were much smaller and denser than those of the control group, which is consistent with the data shown in the caecum. This result suggests that since the first administration, vincristine-induced constipation with retention of feces inside the colon, which is in accordance with other studies using colonic propulsion measurements.4,29Constipation could be due to the smaller size of the fecal pellets, leading to a decrease in mechanical stimulation of the colon wall,64to an effect on the muscle ability to contract, associated with mechanical alterations of the muscle (as in the small intestine) or to the enteric neuropathy caused by this drug.4,10Indeed, vincristine treatment induces changes in the enteric nervous system4in the same way as other antineoplastic drugs, such as oxaliplatin,65,66cisplatin48,55and 5-fluorouracil.56Gao etal.67demonstrated that vincristine causes injury to colonic myenteric neurons by stimulation of M1-type macrophages through increased phosphorylation of p38-MAPK and ERK1/2, resulting in an increased expression of proinflammatory factors (IL6, IL-1Beta, and TNFAlpha). Interestingly, Kawada etal.68demonstrated that, in patients treated with vinca alkaloids, it is more effective to use magnesium oxide plus lubiprostone (a chloride channel activator69) than a stimulant laxative. Stimulant laxatives are considered effective when myenteric neurons remain functional,68,70but in patients treated with vincristine the myenteric neurons are dysfunctional.4,10In addition, pellet retention inside the intestine could favor increased water absorption and lead to their increased density, which might be associated with changes in the expression of aquaporins, as happens after treatment with opioids.71,72Finally, other mechanisms may also be involved, such as endocannabinoid release, leading to activation of the CB1cannabinoid receptor and GI motility inhibition.12Whatever the case may be, although MSG can increase colonic motility,21,60in this study it did not improve colonic dysmotility induced by vincristine, despite being able to accelerate gastric emptying, suggesting a differential effect (and mechanism) in both organs in this model.
Keywords/Topics
vincristine;monosodium;glutamate;gastrointestinal;motility;visceral;sensitivity;contrast;previous;apparently
BIOSEB Instruments Used:
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