Publications

Latest publication 08/30/2009

Long-Term Pain Vulnerability After Surgery in Rats- Prevention by Nefopam- an An

BACKGROUND: Tissue damage associated with surgery often produces peripheral and central sensitization that may outlast the stimuli, leading to...

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    [title] => Long-Term Pain Vulnerability After Surgery in Rats- Prevention by Nefopam- an An
    [paragraph] => Long-Term Pain Vulnerability After Surgery in Rats: Prevention by Nefopam, an Analgesic with Antihyperalgesic Properties.
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Authors
E. Laboureyras, J. Chateauraynaud, P. Richebé, G. Simonnet.

 Lab
Université Bordeaux 2, Université Bordeaux 1, CNRS UMR 5227, Bordeaux, France.
Journal
Anesthesia and Analgesia
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tissue damage associated with surgery often produces peripheral and central sensitization that may outlast the stimuli, leading to exaggerated postoperative pain. Paradoxically, the use of opioid analgesia, which is essential for surgical pain management may induce pain sensitization leading to enhanced postoperative pain and an increased risk of developing chronic pain. We studied whether a surgical incision in the rat hindpaw may favor the development of long-term pain vulnerability by estimating hyperalgesia induced by an inflammatory stimulation of the unlesioned contralateral hindpaw 3 wk later. We also evaluated the ability of nefopam, an analgesic drug commonly used in postoperative pain management, to prevent not only exaggerated postoperative pain but also long-term pain vulnerability. The efficacy of morphine was assessed 1 day after surgical incision. METHODS: On Day 0, a surgical plantar incision was performed in one hindpaw of rats treated or untreated with fentanyl (4 _ 100 _g/kg, one injection every 15 min). Nefopam (10 mg/kg) or saline was subcutaneously injected 30 min before injury. Three weeks later, once pain measures had returned to basal values, a subsequent nociceptive stimulus, specifically intraplantar carrageenan injection, was performed to evaluate pain sensitivity in incision- and fentanyl-experienced rats. Pain was measured by the paw-pressure vocalization test and the weight bearing test. RESULTS: Surgical incision in rats induced latent and long-term pain hypersensitivity, which was manifested by exaggerated hyperalgesia on carrageenan injection. Administering fentanyl in association with the surgical incision induced exaggerated postoperative pain. When injected before incision, nefopam reduced the exaggerated postoperative pain induced by perioperative fentanyl treatment and prevented the development of long-term pain hypersensitivity. Preoperative nefopam administration also improved morphine analgesic efficacy in the context of fentanyl-induced postoperative hyperalgesia. CONCLUSIONS: Given preemptively, nefopam may be effective at improving postoperative pain management and at reducing the risk of developing postoperative chronic pain, because the drug has both analgesic and antihyperalgesic properties.
BIOSEB Instruments Used
Static Weight Bearing Touch: Incapacitance Test (BIO-SWB-TOUCH-M)
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An easy and non pain-inducing solution for assessing the level of discomfort (incapacitance) in the injured paw of a small animal like a rat or a mouse by measuring the Postural Equilibrium “ independently of the operator". The static weight bearing instrument is ideal for your research on analagesia and nociception involving rodents: osteo arthrisis, cartilage degeneration, inflammation models, nerve injury models, and much more... Discover the SWB-Touch: now with a brand new touch-screen console!

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