Publications

Latest publication 03/08/2011

Differential Effects of the Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist Almorexant and the G

Current insomnia treatments such as _-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor modulators are associated with sedative and muscle-relaxant effects, which...

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    [title] => Differential Effects of the Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist Almorexant and the G
    [paragraph] => Differential Effects of the Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist Almorexant and the GABAA-_1 Receptor Modulator Zolpidem, Alone or Combined with Ethanol, on Motor Performance in the Rat. 
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Authors
M. Steiner, H. Lecourt, D. Strasser, C. Brisbare-Roch, F. Jenck. 

 Lab
Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd, CNS-Pharmacology, Allschwil, Switzerland. 
Journal
Neuropsychopharmacology
Abstract
Current insomnia treatments such as _-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor modulators are associated with sedative and muscle-relaxant effects, which increase when drug intake is combined with alcohol. This study compared the novel sleep-enabling compound almorexant (ACT-078573-hydrochloride), a dual orexin receptor antagonist, with the positive GABA(A)-_1 receptor modulator zolpidem. Both compounds were administered alone or in combination with ethanol, and their effects on forced motor performance were determined in Wistar rats upon waking after treatment. To detect substance-induced sedation and myorelaxation, time spent on an accelerating rotating rod (rotarod) and forepaw grip strength were measured. Zolpidem (10, 30, and 100_mg/kg, p.o.) and ethanol (0.32, 1, and 1.5_g/kg, i.p.) dose-dependently decreased rotarod performance and grip strength, whereas almorexant (30, 100, and 300_mg/kg, p.o.) did not. Doses of ethanol (0.32 and 1_g/kg), which were ineffective when administered alone, showed interactions with zolpidem (10 and 30_mg/kg) leading to reduced rotarod performance and grip strength; in contrast, combination of ethanol (0.32 and 1_g/kg) with almorexant (100 and 300_mg/kg) did not reduce performance or grip strength below ethanol alone. We conclude that unlike zolpidem, almorexant does not interfere with forced motor performance or grip strength in the rat, nor does it further increase the sedative effects of ethanol. Our results suggest that the effect of almorexant can be immediately reversed to full alertness like under physiological sleep, and that almorexant is less likely to show strong sedation, excessive myorelaxation, or interaction with alcohol than commonly prescribed hypnotics such as zolpidem.
BIOSEB Instruments Used
Grip strength test (BIO-GS3)

Keywords/Topics
Miscellaneous research domains
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An easy way to objectively quantify the muscular strength of mice and rats, and to assess the effect of drugs, toxins, muscular (i.e. myopathy) and neurodegenerative diseases on muscular degeneration. It is widely used in conjunction with the ROTAROD motor coordination test: a normally coordinated rodent will show a decreased latency to fall off the rotating rod if its muscular strength is low. The Grip Strength Test is a must for your research on activity, motor control & coordination, and is particularly well suited for studies on Parkinson's & Huntington's disease.
New features GS4 - 2023: Color display with permanent backlight screen for easier reading, reset by footswitch, Improved battery time, Larger data memory of 500 values, Animal counter, USB port (charging/data transfer)

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